Internal-combustion engine



J E. AND T. R. EVERETT.

INYERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION man JUNE 24, 1920.

1,405,403. Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

2 SHEETSSHEET I- JEN +1:

mwmww J 6 6 were zt INVENTORS Z73. verezi' l1 TTURNEYS 1. E. AND R.EVERETT. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNfi 24, 1920. r I

Patented Feb. 7', 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEKS J6 vereit nvvmnm TR. (iverett EI7IZI WITNESSES OFFICE- waEsTEsEvERErT Ann zrnoMAs' RUSSELL EV RETT, or cooHRA'n, GEORGIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE. 1

To all whom it may concern:- 1

Be it known that we, JOHN ESTES EVER- ETT and THOMAS RUSSELL EVERETT,citizens of the United States, and residents .of Cochran, in the countyof :Bleckleyf'and State of Georgia, have invented certain.

7 new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of whichthe following)is a specification. 'j v f lir invention relates tointernal com bustion engines of the four cycle type, and the purpose ofour invention is the; provision of an engine in which deterioration fromwear of the work cylinder and work piston is materially reduced by theemployment of means to receive the sideward thrusts generated in thetransformation of the'recipfoCatiflg motion' into rotary motion, and torelieve the work cylinder and piston of all duty except'thatof-performing the operations of the cycle whereby,

w troubles resulting from leakage past the -pis tonis eliminated and themotor remains in;

perfect operating condition for an indefinite time. It is also a purposeof'our' invention toproduce a high speed engine having a long stroke'butshort connecting rods;

We will describe one form. of internal combustion engine embodying ourinvention and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims.I V

In the accompanying drawings: I 1

Figure 1 is a view showing in vertical section one form of engineembodying our invention. f

Figure 2 is a plan view-of the engine i 5 shown in Figure 1 with thecylinder at the upper end of the figure shown in a section taken on theline 1-1-of Figure 1; the

second cylinder being shown in a section taken on the line 22 of Figure1; and the third or lower cylinder being shown in a section taken on theline 33 of Figure 1. Similar reference characters refer to similar partsin each of the views. a

' Referring specifically to the drawings and particularly to Figure 2,we have here shown the engine consisting of only three cylinders. in.order to simplify the drawings, it being understood that the'engine maybe formed with any number of'cylinders without departing-from thespiritof the invention. As shown in Figure. 1, the .-.engine comprises a mainblockcasting designated at B and including a plurality of cylindersdesignated-at (Leach of which is closed at v Specification of LettersPatent. Patented Feb. '7, 1922.

Application filed .Tune i l i 1920. Serial No. 391,361.

its up'per endbya cylinderihead of ventional form. Arranged within eachof the cylinders C is ,a work cylinder designated at -W which ispreferably .Inachined and pressed into plac e into the block 'castingand held in position by the .coacting projections .15 formed on thecOhfl'Oritingsides r of the cylinder C and the cylinder WgIIThe cylinderW extends approximately about one-half of the length ofthe cylinder C,its lower endbeing open and in,communication. with the main cylinder C.Working within,

the cylinder W is a piston provided with the usual rings and havingformed. integral therewith a piston rod 16. 1'

As shown in Figure l, the lower end the block casting B supports themain vbearings in which worksa crank shaft S of usual construction, andhas secured thereto a crank case K housing said shaft. The crank shaft Scarries a plurality of connecting..

rods R corresponding in number to the hum 7 through suitableopeningsformed in..the

cross head and connecting rod. The wrist pinl8 issurrounded by abushingf19 which as shown in Figure2 is embraced by the upper end-of theconnecting rod. The opposite ends of the cross heads '17 are formedwitharcuate heads 20 to which are secured in anygsuitable -mannerarcuate.v bearing plates 21. The bearing platest2l, contact at all timeswith stationary bearing .plates 22 secured at diametricallyoppositenpointsv within the .cylinder- C. ,These. bearing plates aremade of suitable bearing alloys 1 I and are interchangeable.

The bearing piston P is 'operatively connected. to the work,..piston P.throughthe medium of the pistonrod 16, thezlower end of the latter beingpivotally-secured between t a pair of spaced ears 23 formed on thecrossheadjl7 by a wrist pin 24,which as shown in F iguresland 2fisvpartiallyembraced by a bushing 25. This manner of connecting the two pistonspermits of entire freedom of the work piston P from flapping of thebearing piston P when latter has become worn after long usage;

of proper lubrication thereof.

The. intake and exhaust manifolds of the engine are indicated at M andM, respectively, and are connected to the upper ends of the cylindersl/V in the usual manner. The passage of the gases through the manifoldsis controlled by poppet valves V actuated in the usual manner.

The operation of the engine is as follows: During the working stroke ofone piston P within a corresponding cylinder W, power therefrom istransmitted to the crank shaft S through the medium of the piston rod16, the wrist pin 24-, the cross head 17' and the connecting rod R.During this movement of the piston P, a corresponding motion is alsoimparted to the corresponding bearing piston P thus causing the latterto move longitudinally and over the station ary bearing plates 22. Inthis operation of the Work piston P, the existing lateral or sidewardforces acting upon the piston P at its point of connection with theconnecting rod R is transmitted directly to the hearing plates 21 and 22so that the working piston P is relieved of such lateral forces and isthus free to at all times perform a true rectilinear movement and tothus cause a uniform wearing of the contacting walls of the workcylinder and work piston so as to prevent leakage past the piston as aresult of the irregular wear caused as a result of these lateral forcesacting upon the work piston. The same is true for all four strokes.

It is to be particularly noted that the stationary bearing plates 22have their upper ends disposed in overlapped relation with respect tothe lower end of the work cylinder W. This arrangement permits the useof a relatively long cylinder to produce a long stroke withoutmaterially increasing the total height of the motor. It also permits ofa greater bearing surface for the bearing piston P than is possiblewhere the diameter of the work cylinder W is the same as that of thecylinder C. Another advantage of this arrangement is the fact that thehearing plates 22. and 23 are removed a sufficient distance from theexplosive end of the cylinder W so as not to be detriment-ally affectedby the heat from the explosions.

By referring to Figure 1, it will be seen that we have provided arelatively short piston rod 16 and a comparatively short con necting rodB. This obviously decreases the angle between the connecting rod and thepiston P which would ordinarily create greater lateral thrusts and thuseffect a.

quicker and more irregular wear of the walls The mounting of the wristpm 24 between spaced cars 23 permits 1 ,aosaos and the spirit and scopeof the appended claims.

' What we claim is: V

1. An internal combustion engine com prising, a main cylinder, a workcylinder arranged concentrically within the main cylinder, a work pistonwithin the work cylinder, bearing plates secured to the inner wall ofthe main cylinder and disposed in overlapped relation with respect tothe work cylinder, a bearing piston movable over said bearing plates andoperatively connected'to the work piston, a crank shaft, and aconnecting rod operatively connecting [said bearing piston to said crankshaft.

V An internal combustion engine comprising, a main cylinder, aworkcylinder in the upper end of the main cylinder and disposedconcentrically thereof, a work piston within the cylinder, bearingplates secured to the inner wall of the main cylinderand disposed inoverlapped relation with respect to the work cylinder, a bearing pistonmovable over the bearingo plates pivotally connected to the work piston,a crank shaft, and a connecting rod operatively connecting the'bearingpiston with said crank shaft. 3. An internal combustion enginecomprising, a main cylinder, a work cylinderarranged concentricallywithin the main cylinder at the upper end thereof, bearing platessecured to the inner wall of the main cyllnder and disposed inoverlapped, relation with respect to the work cylinder, a :work

piston within the work: cylinder, a piston rod formed integral with saidwork piston, a bearing piston comprising a cross head, arcuate headsformed on the opposite'ends of sa d cross heads, ears formed on theupper side of the cross head and receiving said piston rod therebetween,a wrist pin'extend ing through said ears for. pivotally connecting thepiston rod with said cross head for perm tting freedom of the workpiston from flapping of the bearing piston, bearing plates secured tosaid heads and contacting with the first bearing plates, a crank shaft,and a connecting rod pivotally connected to said cross head and to saidcrank shaft.

An internal combustion engine comprising, a main cylinder, a workcylinder Within the upper endof the main cylinder and disposedconcentrically thereof, a Work.

piston Within the Work cylinder, "a cross head movable in the "maincylinder and pivotally connected to said piston, a crank shaft, aconnecting rod operatively connecting said crank shaft with said crosshead, heads formed on the opposite ends of said cross head, bearingplates secured to said heads, and other bearing platessecured to 10cross headas alresult of the connection be- 15 tween the" cross headandthe crank shaft.

JOHN ESTES EVERETT. 7 Time. RUSSELL EVERETTIX

